Asynchronous (AJAX Style) File Upload in Java Web Application
DOWNLOAD File upload process involves data to be sent from client side to server, in html terms this means submitting form to ser...
https://www.programming-free.com/2013/06/ajax-file-upload-java-iframe.html
File upload process involves data to be sent from client side to server, in html terms this means submitting form to server side method that gets the file from request object and saves it to the server. Most of the time, it is desirable to implement file upload in ajax way without refreshing the whole page while updating the user on the progress.
It is a known fact that, it is not possible to do AJAX file uploads to server using $.ajax or XMLHttpRequest since jquery or javascript does not support file uploads for security reasons. We are now left out with two options/workarounds, to use flash or to use hidden iframe. Flash depends on a plugin to be installed on the user's browser which some people ans companies don't allow. So, out of the two options, the best option is to go for hidden iframe solution. This blog post contains an excellent article on how to do this with plain javascript.
To make the job more easier, let us use this jQuery plugin called jQuery.AjaxFileUpload.js which exactly implements the hidden iframe technique behind the scenes along with progress update and cancelling options. The logic is simple, instead of submitting the form to the server which would cause a postback, we submit the contents of the form to an iframe that is created dynamically and let the iframe communicate with the server, once the upload is complete - iframe sends the response back to the form. Steve explains this technique here in a very neat manner, so I don't want to repeat this here again.
To make the job more easier, let us use this jQuery plugin called jQuery.AjaxFileUpload.js which exactly implements the hidden iframe technique behind the scenes along with progress update and cancelling options. The logic is simple, instead of submitting the form to the server which would cause a postback, we submit the contents of the form to an iframe that is created dynamically and let the iframe communicate with the server, once the upload is complete - iframe sends the response back to the form. Steve explains this technique here in a very neat manner, so I don't want to repeat this here again.
To handle file upload in the server side, let us use Apache Commons File Upload library that makes the job very simple and easy.
1. Download all the required scripts and libraries,
2. Create a jsp file in WebContent and copy paste the below code,
Note that I have referenced jquery files in the head section of the html. The execution of script is very simple, whenever a file is selected using the file browse input, the script gets fired and submits the selected file to the servlet called 'UploadFile'. The action parameter takes the servlet url which handles the file upload logic in the server side. The onStart and onComplete methods are fired while the file starts to upload and after successful completion of file upload. I have used these methods to show file upload progress to the user.
3. Now let us use Apache Commons Fileupload library to handle file upload in the server side. Create a servlet and place the below code in it.
2. Create a dynamic web project in Eclipse. Add the jar files to WEB-INF/lib directory and script files to WebContent folder.
2. Create a jsp file in WebContent and copy paste the below code,
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Asynchronous file Upload in Java Web Application</title>
<script src="jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
<script src="jquery.ajaxfileupload.js"></script>
<script language="Javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$('input[type="file"]').ajaxfileupload({
'action': 'UploadFile',
'onComplete': function(response) {
$('#upload').hide();
alert("File SAVED!!");
},
'onStart': function() {
$('#upload').show();
}
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<div>
<input type="file" name="datafile" /> <br/>
<div id="upload" style="display:none;">Uploading..</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Note that I have referenced jquery files in the head section of the html. The execution of script is very simple, whenever a file is selected using the file browse input, the script gets fired and submits the selected file to the servlet called 'UploadFile'. The action parameter takes the servlet url which handles the file upload logic in the server side. The onStart and onComplete methods are fired while the file starts to upload and after successful completion of file upload. I have used these methods to show file upload progress to the user.
3. Now let us use Apache Commons Fileupload library to handle file upload in the server side. Create a servlet and place the below code in it.
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
/**
* Servlet implementation class UploadFile
*/
@WebServlet("/UploadFile")
public class UploadFile extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* Default constructor.
*/
public UploadFile() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
if (isMultipart) {
// Create a factory for disk-based file items
FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
try {
// Parse the request
List /* FileItem */ items = upload.parseRequest(request);
Iterator iterator = items.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
FileItem item = (FileItem) iterator.next();
if (!item.isFormField()) {
String fileName = item.getName();
String root = getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
File path = new File(root + "/uploads");
if (!path.exists()) {
boolean status = path.mkdirs();
}
File uploadedFile = new File(path + "/" + fileName);
System.out.println(uploadedFile.getAbsolutePath());
item.write(uploadedFile);
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
4. Now the last step is to map the servlet to the action url we have used in index.jsp file as shown below,
<web-app> <display-name>AjaxFileUpload</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>UploadFile</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.programmingfree.fileupload</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>UploadFile</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/UploadFile</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
That is all! Now run the application in Tomcat server and upload a file to see how it gets uploaded without refreshing the whole page.
Once the file is uploaded,
Please leave your comments and queries about this post in the comment sections in order for me to improve my writing skills and to showcase more useful posts. Thanks for reading!!
Hi, nice tutorial.
ReplyDeleteHowever while running it I am getting
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.fileuploadpoc.UploadFile
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1714)
....
by the way in the screen shot (point-2) you show that you have added commons-fileupload-1.3-java in the lib. Is it really required? I am asking as commons-fileupload-1.3.jar is already there in the lib folder.
Change the web.xml to com.programmingfree.fileupload.UploadFile
DeleteIts NOt Working , I tried To put Log statements into Servlets & Alert Boxes into Javascript but they are not getting called ....
ReplyDeletehow does this work in multipart/form-data form?
ReplyDeleteyour example works...but in another form i can do it to work...
hi,
ReplyDeleteit can only transfer jpg files?
hi,
ReplyDeleteit can only transfer jpg files?
Change valid_extensions : ['gif','png','jpg','jpeg'] in jquery.ajaxfileupload.js file for custom file type.
ReplyDeletehey dude,
ReplyDeletework with struts 1?
Perfect.
ReplyDeleteVery useful. Thanks a lot.
ReplyDeleteThe dropbox link to download is broken (404) :-(
ReplyDeleteCan you please fix, thanks
Fixed!
Deletei want file name
ReplyDeleteimport java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
where is download?
thank you
when I am executing your program in Internet Explorer, I am getting access denied error. I tried by upgrading jquery latest version/ commenting error code etc. after that I am getting doc type error in the html page any suggestion please
ReplyDeleteis it com.programmingfree.fileupload or UploadFile. It showing file saved but i'm not able to debug or print sys logs to see where they got saved
ReplyDeleteUncaught TypeError: $(...).ajaxFileUpload is not a function. Please help.
ReplyDeleteIt seems like you haven't add properly jquery.ajaxfileupload.js into your app. Make sure of path and wether jQuery is being loaded or not.
Deletehi..
ReplyDeleteThanks for the tutorial.
Can you please explain where is the location of saved file?
hi..
ReplyDeleteThanks for the tutorial.
Can you please explain where is the location of saved file?
It is only working for Images I want it to work for other type of files also what I have to do?
ReplyDeleteChange valid_extensions : ['gif','png','jpg','jpeg'] in jquery.ajaxfileupload.js file for custom file type.
DeleteIn jquery.ajaxfileupload.js add/change the extension in valid_extensions array.
ReplyDeletevalid_extensions : ['gif','png','jpg','jpeg','doc', 'txt','pdf']...awesome initially was not aware about how its working but once seen comments everything then works fluently ...Zhakkas!!!
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